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The Investigation on the Fauna of Taimali Watershade in Da-wu Shan Nature Reserve
國立台灣師範大學生物系 呂光洋、黃 生
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摘要
大武山自然保留區位於台東縣與屏東縣的交界，是目前國內面積最大的自然保留區，並為台灣中大型野生動物最重要的棲息地之一。本調查計畫乃以太麻里溪流域為調查範圍，每季調查一次。累計四次的調查結果，共記錄到哺乳類11科16種，鳥類26科56種，爬行類5科8種，兩棲類3科8種，魚類4科9種，與蝴蝶5科14亞科88種。與王等（1987）於十多年前進行的動物資源調查相對照，本年度記錄到的種數在鳥類與魚類有明顯的增加，爬行動物有明顯的減少。哺乳動物與兩棲動物種數接近，而蝴蝶則為新增的調查項目。本調查報告亦針對訪談或傳聞中的物種，進行初步的調查與推測。
在調查過程之中，發現大武山自然保留區的自然資源長期以來一直受到相當嚴重的破壞。主要的壓力來源，包括1)狩獵與漁獲的壓力，2)外來種魚類的入侵，與3)遊憩活動帶來的干擾。其中尤以吉普車隊橫行於保護區內，帶來的負面影響最為嚴重。國內對於保護區的經營管理，以及對民眾進行環境教育的工作成效，顯然均值得進行檢討與深思。
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Abstract
Da-wu Shan Nature Reserve locates on the border between Pintong and Taitong Counties. It is the biggest Nature Reserve in Taiwan. The reserve provides various important habitats for widelifes. The purpose of this investigation is to find out the current faunal states in the reserve after it has been designated about 10 years ago. The survey was conducted every 3 months, and lasted for one year. In total we recorded 11 families and 16 species of mammals; 26 families and 56 species of birds; 5 families and 8 species of reptiles; 3 families and 8 species of frogs; 4 families and 9 species of freshwater fishes; 5 families and 88 species of butterflies. By comparing with the report of the last survey, we observed that there was an increase in the numbers of species in birds and fishes, and a decrease in reptiles. As for mammals and amphibians, there was no great change.
During the investigation, we found that the human disturbance is still severe, including the pressures from hunting, fishing, alien species and tourists. Among these, the most serious problem comes from Jeeps. We strongly recommend that the public education should be launched more actively. Besides, the long-term monitoring program should be taken regularly by Forestry Bureau.
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最後更新日期:2016-06-06